Climate change impacts on rice-based livelihood vulnerability in the lower Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Empirical evidence from Can Tho City and Tra Vinh Province

This paper assesses the livelihood vulnerability and adaptive capacity of rice-based farmers in lower Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) under impact climate change environmental pressures. We interviewed 600 rice 19 communes spanning six districts Can Tho City (middle delta) Tra Vinh Province (coastal delta). For our analyses, we employed Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) framework LVI approach Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI–IPCC). Results indicate that both study areas are vulnerable to pressures, but potential threat is greater coastal province. Farmers there have responded pressures by increasing production inputs, scaling up transforming cropping patterns, though with little investment new equipment. Yet, their livelihoods from cultivation, agricultural general, remain unsustainable change, which a matter concern. provides empirical evidence factors most undermine farmers’ sustainability areas. will help local authorities providing timely support management. • Farmers’ climatic results show more Primary impacts drought, pollution, sediment depletion saltwater intrusion.